CBC Reverses Ban on Calling 9/11 Terrorism

CBC Reverses Ban on Calling 9/11 Terrorism

The News

Canada's public broadcaster, CBC/Radio-Canada, said Friday it will make an exception to its policy of not labeling specific attacks as terrorism — and will call the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks terrorism — after an internal memo restating the old rule set off a backlash in Washington and Ottawa.

The memo, written by CBC News senior director of journalistic standards and public trust Basem Boshra ahead of the 25th anniversary of the attacks, told staff: "Do not refer to the Sept. 11 attacks as terrorist attacks."

FBI Director Kash Patel, the U.S. ambassador to Canada, Republican members of Congress and Canada's Conservative Party all attacked the guidance before CBC backed down.

Timeline

Earlier this week

Toronto Sun columnist Warren Kinsella reports on the internal CBC memo instructing staff not to describe Sept. 11 as terrorist attacks, sent ahead of the attacks' 25th anniversary.

Thursday

Canada's Conservative Party issues a release criticizing the CBC. A group of Republican representatives in Congress posts: "What possible motive could there be for sanitizing the worst terrorist attack on American soil? Care to explain, @Canada?"

Late Thursday

FBI Director Kash Patel says online that "any agency in Canada that doesn't publicly reject this bastardization of history, and an insult to the souls lost during our largest terrorist attack in U.S. history will no longer have friend in this FBI."

Friday

U.S. Ambassador to Canada Pete Hoekstra shares Patel's post. CBC spokeswoman Kerry Kelly defends the memo as a reminder of longstanding practice. Public Safety Minister Gary Anandasangaree issues a release saying the Canadian government "has always recognized 9/11 as the deadliest terrorist attack in history."

Friday, late afternoon

Boshra publishes a blog post announcing the exception, less than an hour after the Anandasangaree release.

Reactions

Boshra said the change was made "to remove what has unfortunately (and unintentionally) become an impediment to clarity and public understanding," adding that as new acts of politically or ideologically motivated violence occur, CBC "will continue to follow the journalistically sound practice of attributing causes and motivations to officials and experts."

He also pushed back on the framing of the story, writing that CBC News "has never said what happened on Sept. 11, 2001, was not terrorism, as some commentators have stated in recent days," and that the broadcaster had reported the motives found by police, governments and an independent commission — "We've just made sure to do it with attribution."

Hoekstra said the FBI has been responsible or instrumental in disrupting terrorist and violent criminal organizations operating in Canada multiple times this year, and warned that "failure to recognize and confront radical and terrorist ideologies significantly endangers our efforts to establish and harmonize a shared national and economic security partnership."

Conservative Leader Pierre Poilievre said Friday that to "call 9/11 anything other than a terrorist attack is an appalling distortion of history. It dishonours the victims and their families, the survivors, and the first responders who suffered from the horrors of that day." Conservative culture critic Rachael Thomas called Sept. 11 a terrorist attack "plain and simple," said whoever issued the directive should be fired and said CBC leadership should apologize.

Canada's Culture Minister Marc Miller praised the reversal on social media, calling it a "welcome change to what was a piece of pedantic and foolish guidance that caused legitimate anger."

Before the reversal, Kelly told The Canadian Press that CBC uses "extreme caution" with the words terrorism and terrorist, and that the memo "was a reminder of the long-standing practice that favors the use of these terms with attribution in our reporting, a practice shared by many of the world's top journalistic organizations." She did not provide a copy of the memo when The Canadian Press asked for one.

What's Next

The carve-out applies to the Sept. 11 attacks. CBC says the underlying policy stands for other attacks, meaning its journalists will keep attributing the terrorism label to officials and experts rather than applying it themselves — a rule the broadcaster says it shares with the BBC, the AP, AFP and Reuters.

Conservative demands that CBC fire the author of the directive and apologize have not been answered. Patel's threat to cut off Canadian agencies that do not publicly reject the guidance also remains on the table, with the 25th anniversary of the attacks two weeks out.

More

CBC's stance is not new. In a 2023 blog post that Kelly pointed to, editor-in-chief Brodie Fenlon wrote that "attribution of the word 'terrorist' has been our policy for decades," and that CBC "does not itself designate specific groups as terrorists, or specific acts as terrorism, regardless of the region or the events, because these words are so loaded with meaning, politics and emotion that they can end up being impediments to our journalism."

An excerpt of CBC's language guide posted by Fenlon listed Sept. 11, the 2005 London bombings and the 2011 Moscow airport suicide bombing as events to be called attacks, not terrorist attacks — arguing that neutral language avoids labeling one incident a terrorist act while calling another a mere bombing.

The Canadian Press stylebook likewise advises attributing the word terrorism, while noting that after Sept. 11, 2001, "almost everyone accepted that slamming hijacked passenger jets into office towers was terrorism."

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