Five EU Nations Agree to Offshore Migrant Hubs

Five EU Nations Agree to Offshore Migrant Hubs

Five flags arranged around a globe in hedcut engraving style, symbolizing the EU nations' offshore migrant hub agreement.
Five EU nations agree on offshore migrant return hubs in Copenhagen.Illustration: The Frank

The News

Denmark and four other European Union countries agreed Friday on a model for "return hubs" in non-EU nations and hope to begin sending rejected asylum seekers there as early as 2027.

The deal came out of a one-day meeting in Copenhagen attended by ministers from Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands, Austria and Greece.

The five have been negotiating with governments mainly in Africa over where the facilities would sit. They did not name the countries.

"We are moving forward toward what is actually a fundamental transformation of the common European migration and asylum system," said Morten Bodskov, Denmark's minister of immigration and integration.

What a Return Hub Is

Under the plan, a migrant whose asylum claim is rejected and who is ordered to leave Europe would not be sent home. He would be sent to a facility, not yet built, in a third country outside the 27-nation bloc.

Bodskov rejected the description of the hubs as detention and deportation centers, and said the International Organization for Migration and the UN refugee agency would monitor them.

"We are not talking about camps, we are talking about opportunities, for a new chance for irregular migrants who cannot return to their own country today and who have no legal grounds to be in our countries," he said.

The UNHCR told the Associated Press it "has not been approached with details of such a proposal" and could not comment on the arrangements or on any role for the agency.

Timeline

2018

Rwanda sets up an emergency transit mechanism at Gashora for people evacuated from Libya, who stay until they can be resettled elsewhere. Rwandan government spokeswoman Yolande Makolo would later cite it as a precedent.

June 2026

European lawmakers vote to let member states set up migrant centers outside the EU, alone or in small coalitions, and send rejected asylum seekers there instead of to their home countries.

Early August 2026

Makolo tells Royal FM Kigali it "was natural" for Rwanda to negotiate with European countries over hosting asylum seekers who are not allowed to live elsewhere.

Sept. 4, 2026

Ministers from the five countries meet in Copenhagen and agree on a model. Bodskov says they expect a first deal with a host country by early 2027.

Reactions

"This is something new and it's groundbreaking," said Bart van den Brink, the Netherlands' minister of asylum and migration.

Michael O'Flaherty, the Council of Europe's commissioner for human rights, warned in an emailed statement that "vague assurances of compliance with human rights law are not enough." He added: "States need to commit to the guardrails necessary to prevent setting up human rights black holes."

Michele LeVoy, director of the Brussels-based rights group PICUM, condemned the Copenhagen meeting. "EU leaders may call these centers an 'innovative solution,' but outsourcing migration control is an old tactic to simply move people out of sight and evade human rights obligations," LeVoy said.

Makolo, speaking for Rwanda before the meeting, framed her country's interest as humanitarian: a "safe place" offering medical care, training and rest while claims are processed. "We want to be part of a solution to a big global problem," she said.

The ministers in Copenhagen insisted the hubs would follow European and international law. Van den Brink said technical talks and missions to potential partner countries would be used "to gain more insight into the human rights situation and the living conditions of the refugees," adding, "we want to do this in a European way, in line with our values and international law and human rights at its core."

What's Next

Bodskov said the group expects to reach its first agreement with a host country by early 2027. CTV News reported that the five are seeking a deal with an unnamed non-EU country and are targeting a Jan. 1 start date.

Reuters reported the five nations aim to sign deals this year. No sites have been selected publicly, and no facilities exist yet.

Technical talks and visits to candidate countries come first, the Dutch minister said, to assess conditions on the ground.

More

Bodskov acknowledged the idea was mocked only a few years ago and treated as incompatible with EU and international law. EU law changed under public and political pressure for tougher action on irregular migration.

It remains unclear what the third countries would get in return for taking Europe's rejected migrants.

The five are pioneering the approach for the whole of the EU — if the model holds, other member states can copy it.

Poll

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