Warsh Signals Rate Hike; Markets Flip, Trump Shrugs

Warsh Signals Rate Hike; Markets Flip, Trump Shrugs

Federal Reserve official at a podium signaling a policy decision

The News

Federal Reserve Chairman Kevin Warsh told the Fed's Jackson Hole symposium that recent soft inflation readings do "not tell me that underlying trends have meaningfully improved" — and markets read it as a green light for a rate hike this month.

Odds of an increase at the Sept. 15-16 meeting of the Federal Open Market Committee jumped to 66.1% on Monday, nearly double where they sat before Warsh spoke, according to CME Group's FedWatch tool.

President Trump, who picked Warsh precisely because he wanted cheaper money, declined to fight him. "I have a lot of respect for him and he'll do what he has to do," Trump said. "I think our interest rates are too high."

What Warsh Said

Warsh acknowledged inflation numbers have cooled lately but said the progress is not enough. "We must be confident that underlying inflation is moving to our objective, clearly and at sufficient speed," he said. "Otherwise, we have work to do."

He also struck an unusually bullish note on growth, declaring the era of secular stagnation over and saying the world is in a period of secular growth and a global investment surge, Breitbart reported Monday.

Before the speech, markets expected no increase until December at the earliest. After it, a September move became the base case.

Timeline

July 29

At the FOMC meeting, three of 12 voters back a hike. Warsh pledges at his news conference that the Fed "will not waver" in pursuing 2% inflation; markets treat it as less than full-throated and bid up Treasury yields.

Aug. 26

The July personal consumption expenditures report shows headline inflation at 3.7% and core at 3.3%. A Dallas Fed measure that strips out extremes holds at 2.3%, much closer to target.

Aug. 28

Warsh delivers his keynote at Jackson Hole, Wyoming. Rate-hike pricing flips.

Aug. 31

Hike odds hit 66.1%. Trump says Warsh will "do what he has to do." Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent publicly argues against a move.

Reactions

Bessent, speaking to CNBC from the G20 finance meeting in Asheville, N.C., pushed back directly. "It is my belief that we've seen a supply shock, and traditionally you don't raise into a supply shock unless you see second- or third-order effects," he said. "And we are seeing the core inflation has remained very, very restrained."

Citigroup economist Andrew Hollenhorst told clients Warsh's remarks were "relatively uncontroversial and have been restated by Warsh each time he has spoken" — more hawkish than usual, but "only marginally so." His call: "There will not be a consensus to hike rates in September."

David Kelly, chief global strategist at JPMorgan Asset Management, wrote that "the economy doesn't have quite as much momentum as Kevin Warsh suggested," and that markets "may have been premature" in pricing a September move.

Bank of America went the other way, keeping a call for three increases ahead. "Absent a material downside surprise, the onus is now on Warsh to deliver a [September] hike," economist Aditya Bhave wrote. "Otherwise, he risks undermining some of the credibility he gained on Friday."

The Fed chairman also drew scorn from the left. On MS NOW's "Morning Joe," host Stephanie Ruhle mocked Warsh over whose influence he answers to, Raw Story reported.

The Political Collision

Trump installed Warsh after blasting predecessor Jerome Powell for refusing to slash rates aggressively. A September hike would be the opposite of what the White House has demanded — and it would come with the president saying out loud that rates are already too high.

The American Conservative read the Jackson Hole remarks as Warsh setting up a potential showdown with the president who appointed him, arguing the chairman may be willing to buck Trump. CNBC framed the split more simply: Trump wants to floor it on growth while Warsh eyes the brakes.

One wrinkle for the White House: Powell has not vanished. He no longer runs the Fed but still holds a vote on whether rates go up — the same single vote Warsh has, as MarketWatch noted.

The bond market has already moved. The Frank reported Monday that Treasury yields topped 4.75%, their highest since January 2025, and MarketWatch asked whether bond investors should worry with Warsh running the Fed, calling U.S. government debt a formerly drama-free asset that is now causing concern.

What's Next

Data decides it. This week brings jobs reports, after three straight weak nonfarm payrolls readings. The following week — just before the meeting — brings the consumer and producer price indexes, which feed the Fed's preferred PCE gauge. Housing reports are also due, and retail sales land the same day as the rate decision.

The FOMC meets Sept. 15-16.

Poll

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